INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In another study (first-in-man treatment of T1D by Tregs), published in 2014, after a one year follow-up of 12 T1D patients infused with autologous Tregs, it was shown that eight out of 12 patients had low insulin requirement and high C-peptide level (which reflects β-cell mass) and two patients became completely independent from insulin in 1 year.