TBK1 and viral infectious disease: The levels of p-IRAK4, p-TAK1, and p-TBK1 were activated by SeV, but repressed by Sox4 (Figure 5a), indicating that Sox4 attenuates both TLR/MyD88/IRAK4/TAK1 and TLR/TRIF/TRAF3/TBK1 pathways in response to viral infections.