Among the treatments, the only one that showed a significant correlation between TBARS and PARASITEMIA was dexamethasone (r = − 0.29, p = 0.026), which suggests that the selective inhibition of iNOS, associated with the anti-inflammatory potential of dexamethasone, decreases lipid peroxidation even with an increase in parasitemia. The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is parasitic infectious disease.