GDF-6 (BMP13) has an important role in early embryonic and spinal column development.153 Injection of GDF-6 in the early stages of IDD can prevent the loss of ECM proteins and retain greater hydration and cells in the NP.154 Clarke et al. found that GDF-6 can stimulate adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) to differentiate into NP-like cells. The gene discussed is GDF6; the disease is intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.