CTLA4 and cancer: A portion of patients with advanced cancers who did not respond to traditional chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy obtained satisfactory prognosis after receiving anti-PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4 antibodies.3 However, a large number of clinical trials have shown that, except for specific cancer types, such as non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma, most of the cancer patients do not respond well to ICB.3 Therefore, researchers are still prompted to find new cancer immunotherapies or ways to improve the efficacy and expand the indications of the current therapies.