MMP9 and heart failure: Other heart failure related biomarkers which have been explored in patients who underwent ECLS include dynamic BNP [8], galectin-3 [9], ST2 [10], matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) [11], tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) [11], MMP-2 [11,12], osteopontin [13], MR-proANP [14], proADM [14], and copeptin [14].