GDF15 and Cachexia: Comparison of our results with independent studies of aging produced a list of 484 proteins (502 aptamers) that were replicated in at least one study and include both novel and well‐established biomarkers of aging and cell senescence (e.g., GDF15, which is associated with anorexia and cachexia, phenotypes commonly observed in the elderly (Mullican & Rangwala, 2018)).