Inflammation-condition medium derived from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HBV+ HCC induces the expression of stemness gene OCT4 and NANOG through an IGF-1R-dependent mechanism, suggesting the possible role of active inflammation in controlling IGF-1R-mediated cancer stemness (Chang et al., 2016). The gene discussed is POU5F1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.