Indeed, CXCR3 antagonism has been associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, organ transplant rejection and graft-vs-host disease, asthma, and type 1 diabetes50. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR3 and systemic lupus erythematosus.