The AMs from foals nebulized with the two highest doses of PUL-042 that were infected ex vivo with R. equi produced greater IL-6 (Fig. 4C) and IFN-γ compared to cells from foals nebulized with 2.8% glycerol alone (Fig. 4D), indicating PUL-042 resulted in an increased immune response to infection but did not alter responses in uninfected cells. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is infection.