Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining of nSMase2 and IL-33 in tissue sections demonstrated a patchy basilar pattern in non-COPD tissue and a more intense, diffuse staining pattern in COPD tissues (Figure 5, D and E, and Supplemental Figure 7, A and B). The gene discussed is SMPD3; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.