In a number of these studies, ACE inhibitors were shown to provide renal protection in Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes Complication Trials (BENEDICT) (Ruggenenti et al., 2004) and ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation) studies (Ruggenenti et al., 2004; Ninomiya et al., 2009). This evidence concerns the gene ACE and diabetes mellitus.