PTEN and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In addition, a clinical trial includes 82 NSCLC patients who have received chemotherapy regimen previously or are considered not applicable for chemotherapy, indicating that high PIK3CA gain combined with high phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss have shorter median overall survival compared with low PIK3CA gain and PTEN loss (4.93 vs 12.3 months, P-value <0.001) [63].