TLR4 and infection: This would potentially serve 3 simultaneous benefits: (a) it would increase the compliance of the lung alveoli and prevent their collapse; (b) confer antiviral actions by shielding and preventing infection of naïve cells, especially if TLR4 is proven to be an entry receptor or contributes to ACE2 upregulation; and (c) block TLR4 to reduce inflammation and excessive cytokine production.