IL1B and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In particular, four studies found a positive association between adherence to a pro-inflammatory diet (indicated by a higher score in the DII) and IL-6 [55,57], IL-1, IL-2, interferon gammon and sVCAM-1 in healthy males and females [58], but also a positive association between DII and CRP in males and females with obesity [51].