In 2019, the FDA granted approval for PD-1 inhibition as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic or unresectable, recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), approving pembrolizumab in combination with platinum and fluorouracil for all patients with HNSCC and pembrolizumab as a single agent for patients with HNSCC whose tumors express a PD-L1. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.