Increased expression of NOD1 and/or NOD2 has been reported in a range of human metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and metabolic syndrome [4,5,6,7,8,9], or chronic diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, such as IBD [10]. The gene discussed is NOD1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.