VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Key actors of hypoxia response, inflammation pathway, and oncogenic genes were found to have especially strong alteration of their functional states, such as HIF1A, EPAS1, STAT1/2, MYC, and CDK2. Loss of VHL is a hallmark of ccRCC and is directly linked to the stability of the HIF (HIF1A and EPAS1) proteins found deregulated by our analysis (Maxwell et al, 1999; Ivan et al, 2001; Jaakkola et al, 2001).