Compared with the control group, AD mice treated with miR-331-3p antagomir, or miR-9-5p antagomir, or both together showed more neurons, lower number of activated microglia marked by IBA1 and CD68, associated with lower level of Aβ accumulation (Figure 5D-G, 5J-M, Figure S5). The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.