In both pulmonary and gastric MALT lymphoma, the most common cytogenetic abnormality is the t(11;18)(q21;q21) (31–53%), which generates an API2-MALT1 fusion transcript from the API2 (Apoptosis Inhibitor 2) and MALT1 genes, resulting in activation of the NF-kB pathway, which is a potential therapeutic target [57]; trisomy 3 (20%), t(14;18)(q32;q21) (IGH-MALT1) (up to 10%), trisomy 18 and t(1;14)(p22;q32) (BCL10-IGH) (both up to 7%) may occur with decreasing frequency [45,58,59]. This evidence concerns the gene MALT1 and MALT lymphoma.