AGER and brain infarction: Suppressing RAGE activity by either a pharmacological antagonist or genetic deletion can attenuate ischemic brain injuries including brain infarction, neurological functional deficit, and neuronal survival in different rodent models such as permanent MCAO (pMCAO)-challenged mice [14], intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-challenged rats [16], and bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO)-challenged mice [15].