Nrf-2 activation and the expression of its related cytoprotective enzymes are severely impaired in CKD and their activation could have a pharmacological potential for the treatment of kidney diseases is being widely investigated in both clinical and non-clinical studies; thus, the control of factors that inhibit this antioxidant response in CKD, such as IS, are of primary importance in controlling inflammation and oxidative stress in these patients [3,53,54]. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and chronic kidney disease.