Further developments along this line of research showed that modifications on the arylbisphosphonic scaffold could afford compounds which selectively inhibit MMP-2 [8,15,17] and MMP-9 [18], and that also exhibit significant potential for bone malignancy therapy, being superior at promoting cancer apoptosis than standard-of-care bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid [8,17]. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is cancer.