IQGAP1 stimulates ERK activation, associates with Cdc42 and Rac1, and stabilizes their GTP binding; IQGAP1 thus induces cytoskeleton dynamics [20], displays oncogenic activities and is upregulated in several cancers [21], including thyroid cancer [22], breast cancer [23], colorectal carcinoma [24], esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [25], hepatocellular carcinoma [26], and ovarian cancer [27]. The gene discussed is IQGAP1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.