An epidemiological study of individuals with one or more DICER1-associated lesions showed that by 20 years of age, the cumulative incidence of multinodular goiter or history of thyroidectomy is 13% in men and 32% in women, with a 16- to 24-fold increased risk of TC over a patient’s lifetime [117]. The gene discussed is DICER1; the disease is multinodular goiter.