Six genes (RRM1, STIM1, MAML3, ST3GAL3, KDM4A, and PTPRF) were significantly associated with ADHD + DBDs (P < 2.7 × 10−6 correcting for 18,553 genes analyzed; Supplementary Fig. 10 and Supplementary Data 4). Here, MAML3 is linked to attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.