For example, the EC of AD brains shows increased immunoexpression of the proinflammatory molecule glia maturation factor (GMF), glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) labelled reactive astrocytes, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 and activated microglia, and these changes are more concentrated at sites with amyloid plaques and NFTs (Thangavel et al., 2013). The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.