EPO and psychiatric disorder: Accumulating evidence from animal studies suggests EPO is an enhancer of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognition in the mature hippocampus (Adamcio et al., 2008; Dias et al., 2018), as well as in patients with psychiatric diseases (Ehrenreich et al., 2007a,b, 2008; Miskowiak et al., 2010, 2015, 2016).