BDNF and Parkinson disease: Such PD risk variants are located in SNCA, dynamin-3 (DNM3), cyclin-G-Associated Kinase (GAK), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 (BST1), Ras-related protein Rab-29 (Rab29/PARK16), and vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 (VAMP4) (Table 3).