Greatest differences in median cytokine concentrations between confirmed/unconfirmed TB, TB infection and unlikely TB were observed for: ESAT-6/CFP-10-induced concentrations of GM-CSF, IFN-γ and IL-2; Rv0081-induced concentrations of TNF-α; Rv2389c-induced concentrations of GM-CSF and IP-10; and Rv3614/15c-induced concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2, IP-10 and TNF-α (data not shown). Here, TNF is linked to tuberculosis.