That disease-associated IL-17 signaling pathways were only significantly enriched in fibroblasts following pathogenic challenge supports previous findings for a role in inflammatory skin pathologies (Infante-Duarte et al., 2000), including psoriasis (Krueger et al., 2012), spirochaete-associated Lyme arthritis and syphilis (Burchill et al., 2003; Cruz et al., 2012). Here, IL17A is linked to syphilis.