The integrin β1/α5/JNK/c-JUN signaling pathway in cancer cells is able to upregulate the higher matrix stiffness-induced lysyl oxidase like (LOXL)-2, then subsequently promote production of fibronectin, expression of MMP-9 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)-12 and recruitment of BMDCs to encourage pre-metastatic niche establishment (95). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and cancer.