In summary, by setting 1% as the cut-off for positive PD-L1 expression, we noted that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapies increased the tumor response and prolonged the overall survival in patients who were PD-L1 positive but not in those who were PD-L1 negative, compared with control treatments, indicating that 1% may be the suitable cut-off value for patient selection. Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.