INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Univariate regression showed that patients with a younger age, higher BMI, shorter duration of T2D, SG, no presurgical insulin use, higher levels of FCP, second-phase insulin secretion indexes (ΔC120), HOMA-β (CP, DM), HOMA-IR (CP), and C-peptide AUC values (the values of β-cell function indexes were grouped by median) had higher T2D remission rates than other patients 1-2 years after surgery (Table 2).