Recent observational studies of confirmed COVID-19 patients have increased confidence that these drugs are not harmful: a case-control study of 6272 COVID-19 patients in Lombardy, Italy, matched to 30,759 controls, confirmed higher use of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in patients than controls, but after adjustment for greater prevalence of underlying cardiovascular disease, there was no evidence that ACE inhibitors (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.87–1.07) or ARBs (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.86–1.05) were associated with different risks of COVID-19 [24]. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and cardiovascular disorder.