CASP3 and neoplasm: In general, for cancer chemotherapy, SER-based nanoparticles exhibited promising effects attributed to molecular mechanisms involving integrated events initiated by (i) drug-loaded SER-nanoparticles internalization due to clathrin-modulated endocytosis; (ii) nanoparticles disintegration followed by drug release into lysosomes acid pH (observed into tumor environment); (iii) cell death pathways induction such as apoptosis mediated by caspase-3, downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of the Bax proteins; and (iv) nanoparticles accumulation in tumor cells, as a result from EPR-effect [19, 37].