Finally, with NET formation contributing to delayed wound healing [14, 48] and diabetes priming neutrophils to undergo NETosis [14, 16], future research should investigate the impact of interventions or treatments that improve insulin sensitivity (e.g. exercise, dietary intervention) or reduce NETs at the surgical site (e.g. DNase treatment) on surgical outcomes in insulin resistant and/or obese patients. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.