TGFB1 and lung cancer: For instance, SCUBE3 (signal peptide-CUB-EGF-like domain-containing protein 3), a secreted glycoprotein promoting lung cancer invasiveness, also binds to TβRII and TβRI, activates TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling, up-regulates the expression of target genes such as TGFB1, and triggers EMT [117].