However, in this study, we showed that CCL5, CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR1, and ADORA3, associated mainly with inflammatory and immune pathways, were all identified as potential druggable molecular targets for IPAH, which might also reflect the inflammatory and immune pathogenesis of IPAH. This evidence concerns the gene ADORA3 and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.