hAMSC-CM prevented the proliferation and activation of keloid fibroblasts [180] and hAESC-CM attenuated TGF-β1-induced human dermal fibroblast transformation to myofibroblasts via TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway [181], suggesting that hAESC-secreted cytokines might promise for keloid treatment as a topical agent. This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and keloid.