Luo et al. observed that hAESCs transplantation significantly reduced hyperglycemia symptoms, increased the plasma insulin content, and partially repaired the islet structure in type 1 diabetic mice and the combination of hAESCs with hyaluronic acid exhibited a remarkable therapeutic effect compared to hAESCs alone group, indicating that hyaluronic acid was an efficient co-inducer of the differentiation of hAESCs into functional insulin-producing cells [215]. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.