The expression of inflammatory cytokines like the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, interleukins (IL), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and IGF-binding protein-2 (IGF-BP-2) were reported to be differentially expressed in the uterine of cows affected with endometritis [76,77]. Here, TNF is linked to endometritis.