Invasion of glioma cells into normal tissue is a complex process, which is determined by complex interactions between glioma cells and the extracellular microenvironment (ECM); this involves expression and activity of proteolytic enzymes, such as matrix-degrading proteases (MMPs) and cathepsins to degrade ECM components, as well as interactions of tumour cells with normal astrocytes [128]. This evidence concerns the gene CTSS and central nervous system cancer.