It has been demonstrated that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), an amplifier of inflammation that has limited expression in healthy livers, but upregulated expression during bacterial infections and liver injury, plays a fundamental role in promoting proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration.20 Thus, we presumed that TREM-1 may be involved in SpvB-mediated increased hepatic inflammation and Salmonella virulence. This evidence concerns the gene TREM1 and bacterial infectious disease.