Meanwhile, axitinib, a potent kinase inhibitor selectively inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors 1, 2 and 3, demonstrated superior outcomes for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) when compared with sorafenib, and thus axitinib was approved as second-line treatment for advanced RCC after failure of prior treatment with sunitinib or a cytokine [36]. Here, VEGFA is linked to renal cell carcinoma.