Blocking the PD-1 pathway inhibits the negative immune regulation of the PD-1 pathway on T cells, then the anti-tumor response is stimulated (Ribas et al., 2015; Nghiem et al., 2016; Bellmunt et al., 2017; Eggermont et al., 2018; Fuchs et al., 2018; Gandhi et al., 2018; Zhu et al., 2018; Chung et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.