However, beta cell-specific CD8 T cells are more differentiated in patients with newly diagnosed T1D compared to healthy controls (6), and memory T cell subsets were enriched within PPI5-12-specific CD8 T cell populations in HLA-B*39:06+ children with newly diagnosed T1D, but not in healthy control subjects (10). The gene discussed is HLA-B; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.