In contrast, consistent with previous studies in mice (Zuany-Amorim et al., 2002b), immunization with M. vaccae NCTC 11659 increases Treg isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes, and depletion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg in mice exposed to psychosocial stress in the CSC paradigm prevents the protective effects of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 on spontaneous colitis and anxiety-like defensive behavioral responses (Reber et al., 2016b). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and colitis.