In CKD patients, plasma K+ level is also impacted by anti-hypertensive treatments that affect the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS)2–6 such as angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (enalapril...), angiotensin II receptor blockers (losartan...) or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (epleronone...). The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is chronic kidney disease.