An increase in CXCL8 expression in melanoma cells [180], ovarian carcinoma [173,181], pancreatic cancer [182] and rhabdomyosarcoma [183] in chronic hypoxia is dependent on the activation of activating protein-1 (AP-1) and NF-κB—in particular, NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50 and c-Jun [173]. Here, JUN is linked to melanoma.