In this study, called the Noninvasive versus Invasive Lung Evaluation (NILE) trial, analysis of the cf-DNA detected all guideline biomarkers (EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, RET, MET, ERBB2) included in the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) guidelines at a rate similar to that of a tissue-based assay [11]. The gene discussed is ROS1; the disease is lung carcinoma.