ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The therapeutic algorithm for advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes immunotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, chemotherapy or therapy targeting alterations in EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, RET, NTRK or HER2. Hence, according to international guidelines, it is mandatory to systematically look for the presence of at least the EGFR, BRAF, ALK and ROS1 genomic alterations in advanced and metastatic lung adenocarcinoma [1].